When we talk about our bodies, it usually makes us uncomfortable: we probably immediately think about our insecurities, or our physical health, or maybe just the fact that we’re slightly hungry…
When we talk about the body in church, it is usually when someone needs healing. But our bodies are so much more than that. We are the temple of the Holy Spirit, regardless of whether we are healthy or not, hungry or not, whole or not.
Let us put on our theological goggles and think more deeply about our bodies. In Romans 12:1 Paul encourages us to present our bodies as living sacrifices. What does this mean? Can we physically take up the cross, as Christ told us?
I would argue that the most basic way to take up our cross, physically, is through the spiritual discipline of regular fasting. Fasting is the sacrificing of food in search of something greater; intimacy with God.
The first post in this series will focus on fasting for the body, and the following posts will center around fasting for the mind, fasting for the spirit, and lastly, some practical advice for how to fast.
Spirit = Good, Body = Bad?
In the first and second centuries, there was a group of people who twisted ideas from Christianity into something called Gnosticism. They taught that the spirit realm was good, and that the physical realm was evil. They rejected their bodies because they wanted their souls to escape and be free. We still tend to think this way as Christians!
However, considering the fact that a disembodied soul, or an inanimate–soulless–body, is in fact, dead, we know that can’t be right. When sin entered the world with Adam and Eve, it introduced death into creation. That was not the original plan: we were created to be eternal.
Modern society would say that all we have is our bodies, so we may as well experience as much goodness and pleasure as we can in our short lifetimes. Many religions, on the other hand, from Buddhism to Scientology would say we must reject and be liberated from the physical world. At either extreme, it is about escape from suffering.
A Theology of Suffering
My choir teacher in Bible college used to tell us, “Embrace the dissonance.” The dissonance in the music we were singing, chords that hung in the air in tension, waiting to be resolved, served as a metaphor for the tensions and pains of life. In our lives, we must embrace the dissonance.
Christianity is the only religion that actually embraces suffering. Jesus came to earth specifically to suffer and die, and His bodily resurrection from the dead has sanctified our suffering so that it transforms us more into His likeness. In fact, the Christian hope for eternity is not simply to be in heaven where there is no suffering, but it is a hope for resurrection of the body, just like Christ was resurrected into a new, glorified body. (See 1 Corinthians 15.)
We really don’t like to suffer though, so we reject or ignore our bodies. After all, our main suffering usually comes through the body: hunger, thirst, tiredness, sexual desire, illness, physical pain. So, if we are already suffering in this present life, why would we want to add more suffering to the plate by willfully choosing to give up food for a day? This is because although we suffer through our bodies, it is not because of our bodies. We suffer because of the flesh.
It’s All Greek to Me…
Linguistically, in English, the words body and flesh are interchangeable: we even speak of Jesus as God in-the-flesh. Yet this is not what the flesh refers to in the New Testament. In Greek the flesh is sarx, and the body is soma. The difference between them is that the body (soma), is created by God, fashioned by His very hands, and redeemed in Christ. The flesh (sarx), is the sinful nature, which affects every aspect of human life; the spirit (pneuma), the mind (psyche), and the body (soma).
Gregory of Nyssa refers to Adam and Eve’s tunics of animal skin as representative of our sinful nature. (Genesis 3:21) Just like the story of Pandora’s Box, it is with these ‘tunics of skin’ that came all the sin and decay we know in life. And it is this sinful nature that we want to be rid of.
Paul tells us in Romans 13:14 “Clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ, and do not think about how to gratify the desires of the flesh (sarx).”
We will look more deeply at how fasting cultivates self-control in regards to fleshly desires in the next post. But to conclude this portion, we see that one way we can clothe ourselves in Christ is to choose to fast regularly. Fasting is a regular physical reminder to us of Christ’s sacrifice, and our own imitation of Him. We don’t fast to punish the body because of our wrong desires. We fast in order to live like Christ, and the Holy Spirit supernaturally makes us more like Him in the process.
(This is Part One of a series on fasting. Part Two is here, and Part Three is here.


